The ETS was generated with a specifically designed and built, manually operated device (ETSE). In the line with the Tobacco Smoke and Indoor Air Quality Study (ToPIQS) we therefore quantified the exposure to ETS particulates of the PM 2.5 fraction inside a small model space. Although PM 10 and PM 2.5 particles are transporting a great amount of toxic compounds into the peripheral respiratory system, only few studies have quantified indoor ETS exposure by PM measurement. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (TSNAs) The vast majority of the chemicals found in ETS is assigned to the particulate phase, including nicotine and many carcinogenic substances, e.g. PM 2.5 particles are characterized by their long airborne retention time and the inability to be cleared efficiently by the human respiratory tract PM 10 particles are respirable and can reach the alveolar respiratory tract. Therefore these PM fractions can be used as marker compounds for ETS emission and uptake. In addition, acute or chronic exposure of children to ETS is linked with illnesses of the lower respiratory tract, persistent otitis media, aggravation of asthma and reduced lung functionĮTS particles are in the size range of the particulate matter fractions (PM fraction) PM 10 and PM 2.5. Increased attributable risks are calculated for diseases like sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), cardiac illnesses and bronchial carcinoma estimated that annually 603 000 excess deaths are caused worldwide due to ETS exposure (1% of all global deaths). Based on population studies, Öberg et al. Passive smokers, exposed to the combination of SS and exhaled MS, have been shown to suffer from premature mortality and increased morbidity. ETS is composed both from MS and SS of cigarettes. It has the same chemical mixture but differs in the quantity of some substances. Between puffs sidestream smoke (SS) is emitting from the smouldering tobacco product. Smoke exhaled after a puff is referred to as mainstream smoke (MS). Tobacco combustion forms more than 5 000 chemicals, many of which are toxic and known carcinogens Over 90% of the world’s population is still exposed to ETS in public places and at work, mainly due to incomplete smoke-free public health regulations however, ETS exposure in private homes or cars continues. In some countries restrictive legislation has decreased ETS exposure from passive smoking in workplaces and public places Tobacco smoke emissions of smoker, referred as environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), is an important contributor to indoor air pollution In industrialized countries people spend much more time indoors than outdoors, therefore indoor air pollution is highly relevant in these countries
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